Aquaculture And Fisheries

Mariculture is a branch of aquaculture involving the cultivation of marine organisms for food and other products. Mari culture is defined as the cultivation of the marine organisms in the open ocean or in tanks or ponds which are filled with seawater. An example of the Mari culture is farming of marine fish, including finfish and shellfish like prawns, or oysters and seaweed in saltwater ponds. Non-food products produced by Mariculture include: fish meal, nutrient agar, cosmetics, and Jewellery e.g. cultured pearls.

Mariculture has quickly expanded over the last two decades due to new technology, improvements feeds and greater biological understanding of farmed species, increased water quality within closed farm systems, greater demand for seafood products.

Commonly identified environmental impacts from marine farms are:

Wastes from cage cultures

Farm escapees and invasive

Genetic pollution and disease and parasite transfer

Habitat modification.

 

Types of Mari culture:

Seawater ponds

Tank farming

Alga culture

Sea Cage farming

Long Line farming

Raceway farming Fish hatcheries

Integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA)